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Tiberius Julius Balbillus〔Temporini, ''2, Principat: 9, 2'', p.798〕 also known as Julius Balbillus〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?'', p.211〕 and Aurelius Julius Balbillus〔Wacher, ''The Roman world, Vol 2'', p.697〕 (flourished second half of the 2nd century & first half of the 3rd century) was an Emesene Assyrian Aristocrat from the Royal family of Emesa in Roman Syria who served as a Priest of the cult of El-Gebal in Rome during the reigns of the Severan Roman emperors Lucius Septimius Severus reign 193-211 and Caracalla reign 211-217.〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?'', p.xxiv〕 El-Gebal is the Aramaic name for the Syrian Sun God.〔Birley, ''Septimius Severus: The African Emperor'', p.71〕 Although, little is known on the origins of Balbillus; he was a direct descendant of the King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene〔Temporini, ''2, Principat: 9, 2'', p.798〕 and a relation of the Roman Empress Julia Domna〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?''〕 and her family. According to surviving inscriptions in Rome, Balbillus was a relation to Titus Julius Balbillus another Priest from the cult of El-Gebal in Rome.〔Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'', p.55〕 Balbillus is known from inscriptions as Priest of El-Gebal in Rome during the reigns of Lucius Septimius Severus and Caracalla,〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?'', p.211〕 which are dated before 218.〔Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'', p.53〕 The temple based in Rome devoted to ancient Syrian deities, including El-Gebal was located in Trastevere.〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?'', p.147〕 A priest in the cult of El-Gebal was called a ''sacerdos Solis'',〔Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'', p.54〕 while El-Gebal’s cult was called the ''Sol Invictus Elagabal''.〔Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'', p.54〕 The Priesthood of Balbillus, began at an unknown date before the end of the second century.〔Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'', p.53〕 From inscriptions at the temple reveals, that Balbillus enjoyed imperial favour and established good cordial relations with the Vestal Virgins.〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?'', p.147&220〕 Prior to the reign of Elagabalus, Balbillus represented the cult of El-Gebal in Rome.〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?'', p.220〕 He probably catered the ritual needs connected with the cult of El-Gebal for Lucius Septimius Severus, Caracalla which may had arisen among the Emesene members of the Severan household.〔Prado, ''The Emperor Elagabalus: Fact or Fiction?'', p.220〕 From a surviving inscription in Rome dated April 4 215, under the consulate of Quintus Maecius Laetus and Munatius Sulla Cerialis, Balbillus dedicated an inscription in gratitude to the Vestal Virgin Terentia Flavola for the many services she had rendered him.〔Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'', p.55〕 Despite the fact, that Balbillus was a Roman citizen〔Wacher, ''The Roman world, Vol 2'', p.697〕 from the Constitutio Antoniniana in 212 Balbillus assumed the Roman nomen ''Aurelius'' as after 215, Balbillus was also known as ''Aurelius Julius Balbillius''.〔Wacher, ''The Roman world, Vol 2'', p.697〕 After this moment, no more is known on Balbillus. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tiberius Julius Balbillus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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